Pipe connection



Nev. M, 119946, @s. FERFans 92 9 PIPE CONNECTION Original Filed March29, 193% 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 19, 1940. R. G. FERRIS PIPE CONNECTIONOriginal Filed March 29, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 19, 1940UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PIPE CONNECTION Robert G. Ferris, Harvard,111., assignor to Starline, Inc., Harvard, Ill., a corporation ofIllinois 6 Claims. (CL 287-54) An object of this invention is to providea simple and satisfactory welded connection between two iron pipesplaced at right angles to each other.

This and other objects, as will hereinafter appear, are accomplished bythis invention which is fully described in the following specificationand shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a partialperspective view of two pipes joined in accordance with my invention,both pipes being round and of equal diameter, the vertical pipe showingalso the deformation for reception of the end of another horizontal P 1Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a die and punch for deforming thepipe of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 showingthe pipe deformed and showing the end of the second pipe assembled inposition for welding;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 wherein the firstor horizontal pipeis of smaller diameter than the pipe to which it is yelded;

Figs. 4 and 4 are side and end views respectively of a modified form ofpunch for producing a series of projections for projection weldm Fig. 5is a partial enlarged section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a square pipe secured to theround pipe intermediate the ends of the latter;

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view on the line 'l of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a partial front elevation of a round pipe having two square orrectangular pipes secured thereto at the two opposite sides of thevertical pipe and on the same level;

Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a View similar to Fig. 6 but showing the second piperectangular instead of square, the long side of the rectangle beingparallel with the axis of the vertical pipe to which it is secured;

Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged section on the line of Fig. 10;

Fig, 12 is a View similar to Fig. 10 but showing a rectangular firstpipe with the long side of the rectangle placed transversely to the axisof the second pipe to which it is secured;

Fig. 13 is a partial enlarged section on the line |3|3 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 12 showing a U-shaped member securedto a vertical pipe intermediate its ends;

Fig. 15 is a partial enlarged view on the line 15-15 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 14 showing a 5 round pipe passing avertical pipe and being partially embedded therein and welded thereto;and

Fig. 1'7 is a partial enlarged View on the line |1-|'| of Fig. 16.

This is a division of my application, Serial No. 198,729, filed March29, 1938, for Pipe connections and method of making same, which hasmatured into Patent No. 2,192,904 granted March 12, 1940. 15

The embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises a pipe 2|] secured to apipe 2| intermediate the ends of the latter. For convenience, the pipe20 is called a first or horizontal pipe and the pipe 2| a second orvertical pipe.

To prepare the second pipe 21 for reception of the end of the first pipe20, the pipe 2| is placed in a die 22 which has a transverse groove 23therein which has a semi-cylindrical bottom of a size to just enclosethe lower portion of the pipe 2 Above this groove is located a punch 24suitably operated and having a flat annular bottom 25 and a depressedcentral portion 26. The annular bottom 25 is of the same shape as theend of the pipe 20 but is slightly larger than said end so as to impressan annular deformation 2'1 in the pipe 2| adapted to form a uniformbearing for the end of the pipe 2|l.

The sides of the die 22 are made just high enough to be even with thebottom of the punch when at the bottom of its stroke as shown in dottedlines in Fig. 2 so that the metal of the pipe 2| isforced out againstthe sides of the die as there shown thereby preventing the pipe fromspreading under the pressure of the punch. The portion 21 of the pipeenclosed Within the deformation 2'1 is sprung outwardly as shown in Fig.

3. This portion will take different shapes according to the shapes andsizes of difierent punches as will later be seen.

With the pipe 26 held squarely in place on the deformation 21, the twopipes are firmly secured together by arc-welding as at 28, therebyforming a connection which is substantially as strong as the pipesthemselves.

The pipe 2| may serve as a header for a series of parallel pipes 20. Inthat case the center of the deformation 2i may be drilled to form a hole21 to provide communication between the header and pipes. In such aconstruction, the 55 weld 28 completely encircles the pipe 20 therebyforming a gas-tight joint.

In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown a connection in which a horizontal pipe 30 issmaller than a vertical pipe 3| and the punch raises an annular ridge32. The punch 3% (see Figs. 4 and 4 has at its end alternate projections33 and depressions 30 which when pressed into the pipe 3| producealternate projections 3|, preferably n four in number, and depressions3|. When the squared or transversely cut end of the pipe 30 is pressedinto engagement with these projections and a heavy welding current ofelectricity passed therebetween (by welding apparatus not shown) theprojections become fused into the end of the pipe forming four welds 33.This process is known as projection welding.

In Figs. 6 and 7 is shown a form of connection in which a square pipe 40is secured at its end 2 to a round pipe 4|, the pipe 40 being nearly aslarge as the pipe 4| as viewed in cross section (Fig. 7), A deformation42 is provided in the vertical pipe 4|, the punch (not shown) forcausing this deformation being square and slightly larger than thesquared end of the pipe 40. It will be observed that the central portion43 of this deformation is substantially flat whereas the central portionof the deformation of the pipe of Fig. 3 is bowed outwardly. In thisconlii nection the draftsman has reproduced the actual bulges which tookplace in the pipes following the several deformations and this appliesto all of the figures of the drawings shown herein except Fig. 5.

52. The squared end of the pipe 43 is held firmly against thedeformation in the pipe 4| and while so held, the two are weldedtogether by means of electric welds 44, preferably four in number. Thisconstruction lends itself quite well to ani- .16) mal pens and the like,and for this purpose I have shown a vertical rod 45 extending through anopening 48 in the bottom of the pipe 40. A similar horizontal pipe (notshown) would be secured to the pipe 4| at a point beneath the a; pipe40, but would have holes provided in its .upper surface so as toaccommodate the lower end of the several rods 45 of which only one isshown. These rods are assembled in the horizontal pipes previous towelding the latter to the to vertical pipe.

In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown still another modification of the invention inwhich two horizontal pipes 53, 53* are secured to a vertical pipe thelatter being deformed on its two opposite sides to receive these pipeswhich, as here shown, are square or rectangular in cross section. Thepipes 50, 50 are secured to the vertical pipe as by means of electricwelds 52.

Figs. 10 and 11 show a rectangular horizontal sopipe so secured to around vertical pipe 6| which has previously been acted upon by a punchhaving substantially the size and shape of the end of the pipe 60 toform a deformation 62 with a central depression 63. The pipe 66 whoseend U5 is adapted to bear against that deformation is secured in placeby a series of gas or are welds 64 or the like.

Figs. 12 and 13 are similar to Figs. 10 and 11 except that in Figs. 10and 11 the horizontal pipe 70 60 which is rectangular in form is placedwith the long axis of the rectangle parallel to the axis of a pipe 6%whereas in Figs. 12 and 13, a horizontal pipe III is rectangular in formwith the long axis of the rectangle placed transversely 75 to the axisof a vertical pipe H to which it is secured. The vertical pipe isdeformed by means of a punch as previously described at 12. It will beobserved that within the deformation T2 is a central portion 13 whichtakes a peculiar reverse bend. A similar bend 63 is shown in Fig. 11. 5

In Figs. 14 and 15 a horizontal U-shaped section 80 is secured to avertical pipe 8|. Here again a deformation 82 is formed in the verticalpipe by means of a die and punch, not shown, but similar to thosepreviously described. Here 10 again the punch is substantially the shapeof the squared end of the section 80 but is slightly larger in itsperiphery. In this case, it will be observed in Fig. 15 that the centralportion 83 within the deformation 82 is pressed inwardly. 15 Afterholding the section 80 in alignment with the deformation in the verticalpipe 8|, it is secured thereto at 84 and 85 by suitable welds.

In Figs. 16 and 17 is shown still another modification of the inventionin which a horizontal 20 pipe 90 lies across a vertical pipe 9|, thelatter being provided with a deformation 92 which is formed by a punchhaving the shape of the pipe 90. The pipe 90 will thus accurately fitthe bottom of the deformation 92 and the two pipes can be firmly securedby means of suitable Welds 93 which are here shown as four in number.

In all instances the vertical pipe is held by a suitable die, not shown,while a punch acts on the pipe to produce the desired deformation. Thisis true also of the vertical pipe (Figs. 8 and 9) wherein punches actfrom two opposite sides on the pipe to produce two deformations thereinsimultaneously.

It will be observed that this method of joining a pipe to a horizontalmember is capable of many more modifications owing to the fact thatnumerous other horizontal members of different shapes, not shown, maythus be secured intermediate the length of a pipe which is deformed 49by means of a punch having substantially the cross section of thehorizontal member which it is desired to attach to this pipe.Communicating openings like 21* of Fig. 1 may be used in many of theseconnections so that fluids of various kinds may be permitted to passfrom one to the other. Where the connection is to be watertight orgas-tight, a continuous weld may be employed between the two pipes sojoined.

The projection welds of Figs. 4 and 5 may be 50 applied to any of theother modifications shown by using suitable punches for forming thesurface of the vertical pipe to form projections to which the horizontalpipes may be welded by the projection welding process.

While I have shown and described several modifications of my invention,it is to be understood that it is capable of many more forms. Changes,therefore, may be made in the construction and arrangement withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention as disclosed in theappended claims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a pipe having a side deformation to provideexteriorly thereof a relatively fiat seat whose width is substantiallythat of the pipe, and a member having an undeformed squared end onedimension of which approximates the width of the pipe adapted, whenfitted against the seat, to engage therewith at substantially everypoint thereupon, the undeformed squared end of the member being weldedto the pipe adjacent the outer face of the seat thereon.

2. In combination, a pipe having a side deformation to provideexteriorly thereof a seat extending fiatwise across the pipe forsubstantially its entire width, and a member having an undeformedcontour adapted for fitting against the seat to engage therewith atsubstantially every point crosswise thereof, the member being welded tothe pipe adjacent the outer face of the seat thereon.

3. In combination, a header, a plurality of pipes having squared,undeformed ends, the opposite walls of the pipes continuing in spacedrelation through to such ends, the header having a plurality of sidedeformations, each providing a seat exteriorly thereof against which maybe fitted an end of one of said pipes, and means for sealing thejunction of each pipe to the header, each seat being formed with anopening therethrough for communication between the header and itsassociated pipe.

4. In combination, an iron pipe having an undeformed, squared end withopposite walls of the pipe in spaced relation, and a second pipe havinga side deformation to provide a seat exteriorly thereof having a seriesof alternately raised and lowered portions, the squared end of the firstpipe being welded to the raised portions on the seat of the second pipe.

5. In combination, an iron pipe having an undeformed, squared end withthe pipe walls in spaced relation, and a second iron pipe having a sidedeformation to provide a seat exteriorly thereof having a series ofraised portions, the squared end of the first pipe being electricallywelded to the raised portions of the seat on the second pipe.

6. In combination, an iron pipe having a transversely out undeformed endwith the opposite walls adjacent thereto in spaced parallel relation,and a second pipe having a side deformation providing a seat in a planewhich is depressed in relation to the longitudinally adjacent pipesurfaces and of a size and contour substantially the same as theundeformed end of the first named pipe and which has opposite shoulderswhereby said undeformed pipe end may abut against and fit within thedepressed seat of the pipe last named between the shoulders thereof toengage with said seat at points which are spaced from the seat center,and a welded connection joining the two pipes immovably in therelationship specified.

ROBERT G. FERRIS.

